abstract：:Normal anatomic variants may erroneously be interpreted as pathologic conditions on MR imaging of the ankle and foot. Therefore, sufficient knowledge of the normal anatomy and its variations is crucial for accurate diagnostic analysis of such images. This article will focus on outlining variants and MR imaging interpr...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Bencardino JT,Rosenberg ZS

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection and noninfection inflammatory diseases commonly affect the foot and ankle; they have a significant impact on the cost of medical care and are a major source of referral for MR imaging evaluation. Recognition of the MR imaging appearance of the various manifestations of these disorders is important so that pr...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Morrison WB,Ledermann HP,Schweitzer ME

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Given the wide variety of terms for abnormal findings on contrast-enhanced breast MR imaging studies, the United States Public Health Services' Office on Women's Health, the Susan G. Komen Foundation for Breast Cancer Research, and the American College of Radiology, funded a committee (or "working group") of internati...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Ikeda DM

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of cerebrovascular disease in children is much higher than most clinicians and neuroradiologists suspect, when all primary and secondary causes are considered. Most signal alterations found on MR imaging in childhood central nervous system pathologic conditions result from causes other than a decrease i...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Ball WS Jr,Holland SK

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MR imaging of the pancreas has evolved with better understanding of pathologic and radiologic correlation and with continued improvement in rapid-acquisition breath-hold or breathing-independent MR imaging techniques. MR imaging should be considered essential in the evaluation of pancreatic disease and particularly fo...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Martin DR,Semelka RC

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article, the basic principles of image quality pertaining to cervical spine imaging and the impact of technical advancements on image quality are reviewed. The role of new MR pulse sequences and new applications of older sequences in evaluating abnormalities of the spinal cord, disks, joints, and bones of the ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Melhem ER

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article emphasizes the technical aspects of MR imaging in acute cervical trauma, and details the specific protocols used at the authors' institution. A systematic approach to the evaluation of MR images in the trauma setting is discussed, and the role of MR imaging in the characterization of spinal cord injury an...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Takhtani D,Melhem ER

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conventional MR imaging evaluation of the knee focuses mainly on the effects of acute trauma and degenerative conditions. Numerous other conditions that affect the knee may mimic clinical characteristics of common traumatic and degenerative disorders. Synovial and marrow abnormalities are frequently encountered and of...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Boles CA,Ward WG Sr

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in MR imaging techniques and its multiplanar capability allow for improved detection and characterization of benign and malignant processes occurring in the thoracoabdominal region. It is important to the staging process of patients with known malignancy to correctly diagnose incidental masses in this ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Pace ME,Krebs TL

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although MR imaging has become the most accurate test for depicting abnormal morphology, there is no agreement on the diagnostic value of morphology alone. If the natural history of a disease is not clearly understood, and if there is little consensus, within or between specialties, regarding the use of diagnostic tes...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Modic MT

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many new MR contrast agents are undergoing laboratory development, are in clinical trials, or are being used for routine clinical applications. These agents function by targeting specific receptors that allow the agent to accumulate within the reticuloendothelial system, the hepatobiliary system, or the blood pool. Ea...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Earls JP,Bluemke DA

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging techniques can be used to assess both breast tumor morphology and vascularity. Pharmacokinetic models can be used to extract physiological parameters related to tumor vascularity from signal intensity-time curves. This article describes an empirical method, using three-point high resolut...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Hylton NM

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Technical advances in MR imaging of sports-related bone and joint derangement have improved our ability to evaluate these problems. This article discusses current utilization of MR imaging, advances in local coils, pulse sequences and parameters, and reviews current aspects and indications for MR arthrography. ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Zlatkin MB

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article discusses the effectiveness of MR imaging in evaluating the injuries of both upper and lower extremities in the professional football player. Topics include bone, joint and soft tissue disorders, and injuries resulting from overuse or trauma of the shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist; the pelvis and hip, ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Schlegel TF,Boublik M,Ho CP,Hawkins RJ

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracranial aneurysms are lesions with high morbidity and mortality, but in most cases represent treatable disease. Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging and in some cases MR angiography can make valuable contributions to their diagnosis and characterization. The ultimate tool for imaging these lesions, however, remains ca...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Atlas SW

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cartilaginous structures in the growing ends of the bone have a complex anatomy. MR imaging allows exquisite depiction of these structures. The normal anatomy and biochemical features of the zones of cartilage are reviewed. Based on an analysis of signal characteristics, it is possible to optimize the use of pulse...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Jaramillo D,Shapiro F

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MR imaging can be extremely helpful in evaluating congenital and acquired deformities of the foot and ankle. Knowledge of the normal developmental anatomy of the foot and ankle is important to accurately identify abnormalities versus normal variants. The foot and ankle may be abnormal because of trauma, infection, tum...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Stazzone MM,Hubbard AM

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three-dimensional gadolinium MR angiography (3D-Gd-MRA) accurately visualizes the renal arteries with almost no degradation from inplane saturation or motion artifacts. The diagnostic accuracy for detecting and grading of renal artery stenosis, as well as the assessment of other vascular pathology, approaches that of ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Schoenberg SO,Prince MR,Knopp MV,Allenberg JR

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The need to develop faster imaging techniques has led to the implementation of fast spin-echo imaging, EPI, and hybrid imaging techniques. This article discusses two of these faster imaging techniques, fast fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) imaging and half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo (HA...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Greenspan SL,Mathews VP,Caldemeyer KS,Patel MR

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At the outset of this issue on MR imaging of the shoulder, one perspective of shoulder imaging is provided, that of a senior bone radiologist, perhaps to shed some light on the question: What is the precise role of MR imaging in the assessment of shoulder disorders? ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Resnick D

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The field of MR imaging of the postoperative shoulder continues to evolve. As the indications expand for obtaining postoperative shoulder studies, there arises a need for delineation and definition of criteria associated with these imaging studies. Further investigations are necessary to analyze these data in greater ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Longobardi RS,Rafii M,Minkoff J

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MR imaging provides clinically useful information in assessing the elbow joint for osteochondral and articular lesions. Post-traumatic osseous abnormalities well seen by MR imaging include radiographically occult fractures, stress fractures, bone contusions, osteochondritis dissecans, and chondral defects. Intraarticu...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Fritz RC

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although MR imaging has achieved a clear role in the assessment of focal benign and malignant hepatic lesions, its role in the evaluation of inflammatory processes in the liver is less well defined and studied. Many inflammatory diseases in the liver have no characteristic or specific imaging findings with MR imaging....

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Mergo PJ,Ros PR

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Incidentally discovered adrenal masses are a common clinical problem. Most of these masses lack specific imaging features that enable accurate characterization. In this article, the authors describe the imaging findings, as well as the roles of various imaging techniques that are currently used to evaluate these masse...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Francis IR,Korobkin M

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A brief description of normal MR anatomy is presented, followed by a discussion of the main indications for MR imaging of the pelvis in children. The evaluation of congenital anomalies of the genital tract in boys and girls, including ectopic testes, abnormalities of the uterus and vagina, and of the anorectal region,...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Boechat MI

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The multiplanar and soft-tissue characterization capabilities of MR imaging make it a valuable diagnostic tool for imaging the urinary bladder. This article reviews the techniques used for MR imaging of the bladder, bladder anatomy, and the various MR features of many bladder pathologies. ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Teeger S,Sica GT

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The principles underlying coronary MR angiographic pulse sequences are reviewed, including basic coronary anatomy, motion, and flow physiology. Coronary MR angiographic techniques can be subdivided into breath-hold (single or repeated) and nonbreath-hold techniques. The recent introduction of navigator pulses for real...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Duerinckx AJ

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography provides contrast arteriograms without the risks of arterial catheterization or iodinated contrast. Although this technique is in the early stages of development, already it has yielded promising images of large vascular structures without degradation from flow artifacts. As the tec...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Prince MR

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MR imaging has the potential to provide valuable insights into intratumoral changes following preoperative therapy and has proven beneficial in the diagnosis of recurrent soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities and differentiation of recurrence from postsurgical/postradiation changes. As advances occur in surgical and ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Varma DG,Jackson EF,Pollock RE,Benjamin RS

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MR angiography is a major advancement in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with carotid artery stenosis. It has become the major preoperative diagnostic test for these patients. An understanding of the principles of MR imaging allows the clinician to overcome the occasional drawback of MR angiography. Use of MR ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Lamparello PJ,Riles TS

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MR imaging is a rapidly evolving modality for examining the ligaments of the wrist. Recent improvements in magnet design and receiver coil technology have allowed consistent visualization of the wrist ligaments. Image quality can be optimized by selection of the proper receiver coil, careful attention to patient comfo...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Smith DK

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The multiplanar and soft-tissue capabilities of MR imaging make it a valuable diagnostic tool for the retroperitoneal space and its organs. In addition, by virtue of its location, the retroperitoneum is well suited for study by this modality. Appropriate techniques, including the use of contrast, are discussed as are ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Granstrom P,Unger E

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines technical and clinical issues related to MR guided biopsy of the breast. Designed features of breast biopsy instrumentation are discussed. Procedures for performing breast biopsies as well as clinical indications are also explored. ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Schnall MD,Orel SG,Connick TJ

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone marrow abnormalities around the knee are encountered frequently when performing MR imaging. Some of these so-called abnormalities may represent normal variations of the bone marrow contents and have no clinical significance. On other occasions, MR imaging may be the only technique that demonstrates a bone marrow ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Beltran J,Shankman S

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many data exist regarding the safety of the static and time-varying magnetic and electromagnetic fields used in MR environments for the developing fetus. Many of these data, however, are confusing and nebulous. The literature in this area is reviewed, and the issues related to MR imaging of the pregnant patient and MR...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Kanal E

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The diagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndrome can be difficult to make. Clinical findings may be varied and symptoms are commonly vague and diffuse. MR imaging, with its excellent soft tissue contrast and ability to demonstrate musculotendinous and neurovascular structures, clearly demonstrates the anatomy of the tarsal tun...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Finkel JE

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MR angiography techniques have recently been applied to evaluation of peripheral vascular disease, both phase-contrast and time-of-flight techniques have been used. Preliminary clinical experience has shown promise in identification of angioplasty candidates, preoperative evaluation in iliofemoral occlusive disease, a...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Yucel EK

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Practical ultrafast, especially echo-planar, imaging is still in its infancy. All the more so for ultrafast angiography. Nevertheless, a few practical forays into this imaging application have shown promise. Compared to conventional MR angiography, the use of EP imaging can offer net advantages in reduced sensitivity ...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Cohen MS

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to simultaneously and comprehensively evaluate both articular and extra-articular structures represents a distinct advantage for MR imaging over all other diagnostic methods. This article reviews how the technique can demonstrate a wide spectrum of abnormalities in and around the shoulder, with an emphasis...

journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America

authors： Deutsch AL,Mink JH

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00